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 ====== tripscan ======
-Astronomers discover ‘fossil galaxy’ 3 billion light-years away [[https://tripscan.live/|tripscan]]
+The wild motor festival that transforms the desert into something ‘like Mad Max’ [[https://trip-scan44.co|tripscan]]
-A galaxy that has remained unchanged for 7 billion years — a rarity in the universe — has been observed by astronomers, offering a glimpse into cosmic history and adding to an enigmatic collection of objects called relics or “fossil galaxies.”
+You hear it before you see it. Hundreds of all-terrain vehicles tearing across the desert, the roar of their engines echoing over the sand dunes. The noise goes all night long, making it impossible to grab any shuteye.
-These space oddities are galaxies that, after an initial phase of intense star formation, escape their expected evolutionary path. While other galaxies expand and merge with one another, the fossil galaxies remain virtually inactive. Like celestial time capsules, they provide a snapshot into the ancient universe and allow astronomers to examine the mechanism of galaxy formation.
+Not that anyone does.
-The newly discovered fossil galaxy — named KiDS J0842+0059 — is about 3 billion light-years from Earth, making it both the most distant and the first of its kind observed outside the local universe, the region of space closest to Earth that is approximately 1 billion light-years in radius. It was found by a team of astronomers led by the Italian National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF), using high-resolution imaging from the Large Binocular Telescope in Arizona.
+“There is no sleep in Liwa,” says Ginger Krook, a 23-year-old motorsport enthusiast from the Netherlands. “It’s crazy.”
-“Relic galaxies, just by chance, did not merge with any other galaxy, remaining more or less intact through time,” said Crescenzo Tortora, a researcher at INAF and first author of a study on the finding published May 31 in the journal Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. “These objects are very rare because, as time goes on, the probability to merge with another galaxy naturally increases.”
-Very compact, very massive
+Each year, the Liwa International Festival draws crowds of car fanatics deep into the Empty Quarter, the vast desert stretching from the United Arab Emirates into Saudi Arabia.
-Astronomers believe that the most massive galaxies form in two phases, according to study coauthor Chiara Spiniello, a researcher at the University of Oxford in the UK.
-“First, there’s an early burst of star formation, a very quick and violent activity,” she said. “We end up having something very compact and small, the progenitor of this relic.”
+Three hours’ drive from Abu Dhabi, the landscape is almost empty for most of the year, save for a new ribbon of blacktop and towering dunes.
-The second phase, she added, is a protracted process during which galaxies that are in close proximity start interacting, merging and eating each other, causing a very dramatic change in their shapes, sizes and star populations. “We define a relic as an object that missed almost completely this second phase, having formed at least 75% of its mass in the first phase,” Spiniello explained.
+In December, it becomes a dreamscape for motorheads.
-The telltale feature of fossil galaxies is that they are very old, compact and dense, much more so than our own galaxy.
+“They come together and they drive,” says Krook, who plans to return for her fourth festival this December. “Everything you can think of related to off-road driving, you can find there.”
-“They contain (billions) of stars as massive as the sun and they are not forming any new stars — they’re doing essentially nothing, and they are the fossil records of the very ancient universe,” she said. “They formed when the universe was really, really young. And then, for some reasons that we honestly don’t understand yet, they did not interact. They didn’t merge with other systems. They evolved undisturbed, and they remained as they were.”
+‘Full throttle or nothing’
+The Liwa International Festival has been running for just over two decades.
+The Liwa International Festival has been running for just over two decades. Karim Sahib/AFP via Getty Images
+Local Emiratis first recognized the motorsport potential of the Liwa Oasis more than two decades ago. They began gathering with their off-road vehicles at Moreeb Dune, the tallest in the region at more than 300 meters (about 1,000 feet). The challenge was simple: reach the top.
+An official festival was created in 2004 and has grown steadily. In 2024, it drew more than 600,000 visitors, according to the event’s organizers. Alongside motorsports, a cultural program has taken shape, complete with fireworks each night.
+But the central attraction — racing up the Moreeb Dune — remains the same.
+“Everyone watches each other as they go up,” says Krook. “They are waiting for things to happen.”
+Related article
+Surf-Abu-Dhabi-6.jpg
+$150 for a wave: the Abu Dhabi wave pool targeting the ultra-rich
+Spectators cheer drivers on, but the dune is daunting. In Arabic, Moreeb means “terrifying.”
+“If your tires are not big enough, your suspension is not good enough, you’re not able to come up,” she says. “You cannot be scared because it’s full throttle or nothing.”
+Smaller, less terrifying dunes serve as obstacles in “dune-bashing” races, where cars and trucks dart and drift across the desert, leaving exhaust and plumes of sand in their wake.
+© Mapbox © OpenStreetMap Improve this map
+Liwa
+It was “this kind of Mad Max-feeling city,” says Christian LeBlanc, 32, a Canadian influencer who attended last year. “There were these huge lights illuminating the dunes, and as we got closer you could see there were these (cars) driving up and down and up and down. We kept getting closer and closer, and (then) I could hear the chaos.”
+Mixing with the locals

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